File Extension:
.PNG = Portable Network Graphics. It also uses a lossless compression and is normally used to store graphics for web images. This format was developed in response to the limitations with the GIF format. Its primary use is to increase colour support. PNG can use an 8-bit transparency channel; this allows the image colours to fade from opaque to transparent and can allow an image not to have a coloured background it can just be completely transparent. however one downside to PNG images is that they cannot be animated like GIFs, however, a similar format to PNG, .MNG format can be animated. PNG files do not have a CMYK colour support because they are not intended for professional use in graphics. PNGs are supported by most Web browsers.
.GIF = Graphics Interchange Format. This file format is mainly used for images on the web. Different to the JPEG format, GIFs use lossless compression; meaning that the quality of the images stays the same. GIFs also can store there data using indexed colour. This means it can include a maximum of 256 colours.
.JPG/JPEG = Joint Photographic Experts Group. It uses Lossy compression. This format is the standard format used. It is able to be up to 24-bit. In one of my assignments I was asked to edit a number of images in an assignment i used Photoshop to edit these images however had to convert the files to other formats after i realised that the .PSD file type was taking all of my memory up and therefore had to convert them.
Monday, 4 May 2015
Image Resolution
Image
Resolution: is how an image is shown the lower the resolution the harder it is
to see the image the higher the better, however one issue with higher resolution
is that it can slow down a PC loading time as it has to load more pixels
compared to a low quality images which has less pixels to load. When editing images one thing that i was asked to do was increase the resolution of an image to make it look sharper and better off to show for a college open day.
Image Capture
Image Capture:
Digital camera: Digital cameras have become better and more powerful with good optical lenses and high resolution. Picking a digital camera means finding the best mix of lens, price and the amount of mega pixels it has. The lens should allow you to control how much you want in the picture, this is called optical zoom. Digital zoom is carried out on a computer with photo-editing software, such as Photoshop. The CCD determines how many mega pixels a camera has e.g: a 12 mega pixel camera is able to take pictures in a variety of sizes, the maximum being 12 million pixels; this is big enough for a 4000 x 3000 picture to be taken. When a picture has a number of pixels, editing small parts of it and zooming it in is easier. With some images i had asked to edit i went out before starting the assignment and was asked to take a number of photos of college life that I could edit so that I was ready for editing when we started the assignment.
http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/816ojoGcyzL._SL1500_.jpg
Scanner: scanners are the best way to put paper images into a computer. They work similar to photocopiers, with a bar that moves across the length of the scanner under the glass. The paper that is going to be copied is placed face down onto the glass window and a mechanism moves back and forth underneath the glass. Light bounces of the paper from a lamp and reflects into the lens. This makes the image into the CCD; this digitises the results via an analogue-to-digital converter. It the sends this information to the scanners hardware and then to the PC. The resolution of scanners has rapidly increased in the past few years and they are no longer a standalone piece as they can be integrated into printers. It is rare to find a scanner with less than 600 dpi. Even though you don’t need more than 300 dpi for scanning a photo. The most common dpi is 1200 x 2400 dpi, and the maximum resolution is 9600 dpi. I was asked to scan in an image onto Photoshop and edit it much like I had for the other images however this image i had not taken but still had to use techniques that i had learnt from editing the other images.
Resolution: Is the number of pixels on-screen, it is expressed in terms of the number of pixels on the horizontal and vertical axis. The higher the resolution on screen, the more pixels to create the image, the sharper and clear the image displayed is. When editing images one thing that i was asked to do was increase the resolution of an image to make it look sharper and better off to show for a college open day.
Storage: File Management: This involves the methods used to keep care of work saved to the hard drive or USB drive, including the following:
-File naming: This is naming a file to what it is, important to name it to what it is so its easier to find.
-Folder structure: This one of the most powerful tools that IT professionals can use to help organise all their work. As putting everything in a folder allows a certain structure to be created allowing you to know where everything is located. There are various ways to organise folders. The best one is the one that is more suited to the user.
-Moving files: this involves cutting it from a folder then pasting it into another folder. You might need to move files around when cleaning up your folder structures, so that the files are all in the correct locations and are easy to find.
-Deleting files: means removing them from the drive so they cannot be used again. so that you can remove files that you don't need, that are taking up space such as temp files.
Digital camera: Digital cameras have become better and more powerful with good optical lenses and high resolution. Picking a digital camera means finding the best mix of lens, price and the amount of mega pixels it has. The lens should allow you to control how much you want in the picture, this is called optical zoom. Digital zoom is carried out on a computer with photo-editing software, such as Photoshop. The CCD determines how many mega pixels a camera has e.g: a 12 mega pixel camera is able to take pictures in a variety of sizes, the maximum being 12 million pixels; this is big enough for a 4000 x 3000 picture to be taken. When a picture has a number of pixels, editing small parts of it and zooming it in is easier. With some images i had asked to edit i went out before starting the assignment and was asked to take a number of photos of college life that I could edit so that I was ready for editing when we started the assignment.
http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/816ojoGcyzL._SL1500_.jpg
Scanner: scanners are the best way to put paper images into a computer. They work similar to photocopiers, with a bar that moves across the length of the scanner under the glass. The paper that is going to be copied is placed face down onto the glass window and a mechanism moves back and forth underneath the glass. Light bounces of the paper from a lamp and reflects into the lens. This makes the image into the CCD; this digitises the results via an analogue-to-digital converter. It the sends this information to the scanners hardware and then to the PC. The resolution of scanners has rapidly increased in the past few years and they are no longer a standalone piece as they can be integrated into printers. It is rare to find a scanner with less than 600 dpi. Even though you don’t need more than 300 dpi for scanning a photo. The most common dpi is 1200 x 2400 dpi, and the maximum resolution is 9600 dpi. I was asked to scan in an image onto Photoshop and edit it much like I had for the other images however this image i had not taken but still had to use techniques that i had learnt from editing the other images.
Resolution: Is the number of pixels on-screen, it is expressed in terms of the number of pixels on the horizontal and vertical axis. The higher the resolution on screen, the more pixels to create the image, the sharper and clear the image displayed is. When editing images one thing that i was asked to do was increase the resolution of an image to make it look sharper and better off to show for a college open day.
Storage: File Management: This involves the methods used to keep care of work saved to the hard drive or USB drive, including the following:
-File naming: This is naming a file to what it is, important to name it to what it is so its easier to find.
-Folder structure: This one of the most powerful tools that IT professionals can use to help organise all their work. As putting everything in a folder allows a certain structure to be created allowing you to know where everything is located. There are various ways to organise folders. The best one is the one that is more suited to the user.
-Moving files: this involves cutting it from a folder then pasting it into another folder. You might need to move files around when cleaning up your folder structures, so that the files are all in the correct locations and are easy to find.
-Deleting files: means removing them from the drive so they cannot be used again. so that you can remove files that you don't need, that are taking up space such as temp files.
Vector Graphics
Vector graphics: Vector graphics are images made up of shapes. One thing that is good about them is that they don't lose resolution when resized. Which allows you to increase or decrease the size of the image and it will have the same amount of detail as it had before being resized, they have a small file size. This makes vector images great for art work and complex diagrams as they don't take up much memory even if there is a lot on a document.
Vector graphics are comprised of paths instead of pixels. These paths are defined by starting and ending paths an example of this is using the Pen Tool on Photoshop which allows you to create images with paths. These paths can be lines, squares, triangles, or a curved shape. Vector graphics are not made up of pixels.
I have created vectors in Photoshop for editing images, it is a useful tool as it allows you to draw on a PC without using pixels and and creates a full image out of shapes and can easily be used for logo creation.
Vector graphics are comprised of paths instead of pixels. These paths are defined by starting and ending paths an example of this is using the Pen Tool on Photoshop which allows you to create images with paths. These paths can be lines, squares, triangles, or a curved shape. Vector graphics are not made up of pixels.
I have created vectors in Photoshop for editing images, it is a useful tool as it allows you to draw on a PC without using pixels and and creates a full image out of shapes and can easily be used for logo creation.
Logo Graphics
Logo
graphics: The logo of businesses can be either a raster or vector and usually
have something to do with the company; logos have to represent the brand in one
way or another and cannot be completely about the opposite of what they have to
create.
one positive of creating a logo with a vector graphic is that once zoomed in all that can be seen is the actual shapes themselves instead of the pixels also bitmap images tend to stake up more memory than vectors as they have to save every pixel in an image compared vectors which have to save each shape created therefore allow less memory to be needed when saving.
http://www.customlogographic.com/custom-logo-graphics25/custom-logo-graphics8.jpg
I have edited a number of logos when creating work for my course i have not only edited the logos but have also created a few for my work, i have also produced a number of thumbnail sketches of logos for my work and know what a logo must consist of.
one positive of creating a logo with a vector graphic is that once zoomed in all that can be seen is the actual shapes themselves instead of the pixels also bitmap images tend to stake up more memory than vectors as they have to save every pixel in an image compared vectors which have to save each shape created therefore allow less memory to be needed when saving.
http://www.customlogographic.com/custom-logo-graphics25/custom-logo-graphics8.jpg
I have edited a number of logos when creating work for my course i have not only edited the logos but have also created a few for my work, i have also produced a number of thumbnail sketches of logos for my work and know what a logo must consist of.
Bit depth
Bit depth: is used to describe the number of bits used to determine the colour of a single pixel. The exact colour of a pixel is a blend of the three components of the colour spectrum, RGB (Red, Green, and Blue). The number of bits that are used to represent each pixel determines how many colours or shades of grey will be displayed in the image. For example in 8-bit images, the colour monitor uses 8-bits of information for each pixel; this makes it able to display 2 to 8th power different colours or shade of grey. Allowing it to display 256 colours. There are many bit-depths/colour-depths that can be used for images. These are: 1-bit monochrome, 8-bit grayscale, 8-bit colour (Known as 256-Colour mode), 15 or 16-bit colour (known as high colour), 24-bit colour (known as true colour), 30, 36 or 48-bit colour (known as deep colour). It can be measured by BPP (Bits Per Pixel), the value which indicates how many bits have been used in an image.
http://www.kirupa.com/images/rgb_image.png
Bit depth refers to all of the colour information stored in a single image. The higher the bit depth of an image, allowing it to store more colours. A 1 bit image only shows two colours, black and white. Whereas an 8 bit image can store 256 colours and a 24 bit image can store around 16 million colours. The resolution of an image affects the file size as well as the bit depth drastically affects it as well.
High colour only uses two bytes of information. This is done by splitting the 16 bits up, 5 bits for blue, 5 bits for red and 6 bits for green. This results in 32 different variations of blue and red but 64 for green. This means there is a slight loss of image quality because of the reduced colour precision. High colour is sometimes used instead of true colour because it uses less video memory and the file sizes are smaller compared to true colour which takes up more.
True colour is given its name because it uses 3 bytes of information, one for each blue, red and green to make up each pixel in an image. A byte has 256 different values; this means that each colour can have 256 different variations of that colour. This allows for over 16 million different colours to be used. This allows graphic designers to be able to create realistic looking images. This is because the 16 million colours that can be used is more than the human eye can see. True colour is a necessity for high quality work, such as photo editing, graphic design, etc. However one downside to it is the amount of video memory it takes up.
http://www.kirupa.com/images/rgb_image.png
Bit depth refers to all of the colour information stored in a single image. The higher the bit depth of an image, allowing it to store more colours. A 1 bit image only shows two colours, black and white. Whereas an 8 bit image can store 256 colours and a 24 bit image can store around 16 million colours. The resolution of an image affects the file size as well as the bit depth drastically affects it as well.
High colour only uses two bytes of information. This is done by splitting the 16 bits up, 5 bits for blue, 5 bits for red and 6 bits for green. This results in 32 different variations of blue and red but 64 for green. This means there is a slight loss of image quality because of the reduced colour precision. High colour is sometimes used instead of true colour because it uses less video memory and the file sizes are smaller compared to true colour which takes up more.
True colour is given its name because it uses 3 bytes of information, one for each blue, red and green to make up each pixel in an image. A byte has 256 different values; this means that each colour can have 256 different variations of that colour. This allows for over 16 million different colours to be used. This allows graphic designers to be able to create realistic looking images. This is because the 16 million colours that can be used is more than the human eye can see. True colour is a necessity for high quality work, such as photo editing, graphic design, etc. However one downside to it is the amount of video memory it takes up.
Raster Images
Raster Images:
Are images that are created up by pixels in a grid, raster images are also known as bitmap graphics and they rely on resolution. Resolution is how many pixels are in that image, which is normally seen as ppi (pixels per inch). an issue with resizing bitmap images is that as soon as they size is changed from what they originally are they loose quality when up scaled however there quality can increase when de-scaling an image this increases the image quality because you are increasing the ppi. When you enlarge a bitmap image the edges of it go all Compression techniques, these are used to reduce the size of a file. The size of a file is important, as a file may need to be sent to another location. Smaller files arrive at the other location faster the big ones. The Only way to make a bigger file smaller is to compress it.
Are images that are created up by pixels in a grid, raster images are also known as bitmap graphics and they rely on resolution. Resolution is how many pixels are in that image, which is normally seen as ppi (pixels per inch). an issue with resizing bitmap images is that as soon as they size is changed from what they originally are they loose quality when up scaled however there quality can increase when de-scaling an image this increases the image quality because you are increasing the ppi. When you enlarge a bitmap image the edges of it go all Compression techniques, these are used to reduce the size of a file. The size of a file is important, as a file may need to be sent to another location. Smaller files arrive at the other location faster the big ones. The Only way to make a bigger file smaller is to compress it.
http://www.printcnx.com/wp-content/uploads/raster.jpg
When editing some images for a previous task i had to use my college logo which was a raster image i had to make sure that it was okay to put onto the images without any of the pixels increasing and stretching when i increased the image size.
When editing some images for a previous task i had to use my college logo which was a raster image i had to make sure that it was okay to put onto the images without any of the pixels increasing and stretching when i increased the image size.
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